Automated systems combine sensors, a microprocessor and actuators to run a task with little human involvement. This lesson explains how they work, the difference between monitoring and control systems, the pros and cons of automation, and what makes a robot a robot.
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How an automated system works
An automated system uses sensors to measure a physical quantity such as temperature, light or movement and send the data to a microprocessor.
Sensors produce analogue data, which is converted to digital form so the microprocessor can process it.
The microprocessor compares the sensor readings with stored preset values to decide what action, if any, is needed.
Actuators are devices such as motors, heaters or valves that carry out the physical action the microprocessor calls for.
Check you've got it
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1. In an automated system, what is the role of an actuator?
2. What is the key difference between a monitoring system and a control system?
3. Which of these is a drawback of using automated systems?
4. Which characteristic is a defining feature of a robot?